peptide-starter-theme/CONVENTIONS.md

Peptide Starter Theme - Conventions & Development Guide

Naming Conventions

PHP Functions

All custom PHP functions are prefixed with peptide_starter_:

// Good
function peptide_starter_get_hero_title() { }
function peptide_starter_setup() { }
function peptide_starter_widgets_init() { }
function peptide_starter_pagination() { }

// Bad
function get_hero_title() { }
function setup_theme() { }

Pattern: peptide_starter_{verb}_{noun} or peptide_starter_get_{option}

Common function types:

• peptide_starter_get_*() — Retrieve theme mod or option
• peptide_starter_{noun}_init() — Initialization functions
• peptide_starter_is_*() — Boolean checks
• peptide_starter_render_*() — Output HTML

CSS Classes

All theme CSS classes are prefixed with .ps-:

/* Components */
.ps-btn               /* Button component */
.ps-btn-primary       /* Button variant */
.ps-btn-sm            /* Button size */
.ps-card              /* Card component */
.ps-badge             /* Badge component */
.ps-alert-info        /* Alert variant */

/* Utilities */
.ps-container         /* Max-width wrapper */
.ps-pagination        /* Pagination nav */
.ps-search-form       /* Search form */
.ps-search-input      /* Search input */

/* Regions */
.site-header          /* No prefix; global region */
.site-footer          /* No prefix; global region */
.site-main            /* No prefix; global region */
.hero-section         /* Hero region specific */

Pattern: .ps-{component} for components, .ps-{component}-{variant} for variants

Reserved prefixes (do not use):

• .pn-* — Peptide News plugin
• .psa-* — Peptide Search AI plugin
• .prab-* — PRAutoBlogger plugin

CSS Variables (Custom Properties)

All design tokens are defined in style.css :root:

/* Colors */
--text-primary        /* Main text color */
--text-secondary      /* Secondary text color */
--bg-primary          /* Main background */
--bg-secondary        /* Secondary background */

/* Spacing (8px grid base) */
--spacing-xs: 4px     /* 0.5 × base */
--spacing-sm: 8px     /* 1 × base */
--spacing-md: 16px    /* 2 × base */
--spacing-lg: 24px    /* 3 × base */
--spacing-xl: 32px    /* 4 × base */

/* Typography */
--font-sans           /* Primary font family */
--font-mono           /* Monospace font */
--text-h1             /* H1 size */
--text-h1-weight      /* H1 weight */

Usage:

.ps-card {
  padding: var(--spacing-md);
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

Template Part Naming

Template parts in template-parts/ follow WordPress convention:

template-parts/content.php              /* Default loop item */
template-parts/content-{post-type}.php  /* CPT-specific */
template-parts/content-none.php         /* Empty state */
template-parts/{section}-{name}.php     /* Specific parts (if added) */

Calling template parts:

get_template_part( 'template-parts/content', get_post_type() );
get_template_part( 'template-parts/content', 'none' );

Hook Names

Custom hooks use the peptide_starter_ prefix:

// Filters
apply_filters( 'peptide_starter_show_newsletter', true );

// Actions (if any added in future)
do_action( 'peptide_starter_hero_before' );

File Organization

• Root: Theme core files (functions.php, header.php, footer.php, etc.)
• assets/js/: Client-side scripts only; no bundling
• assets/css/: (None; all CSS in style.css)
• languages/: Translation files
• template-parts/: Reusable template parts

Step-by-Step Guides

How to Add a New Template

Scenario: Create a custom landing page template

1. Create file: landing-{name}.php

   <?php
   /**
    * Landing Page: {Description}
    * Template Name: {Display Name}
    *
    * @package peptide-starter
    */
   
   get_header();
   ?>
   
   <main id="main" class="site-main">
     <!-- Your content here -->
   </main>
   
   <?php get_footer();
   

2. Add template header comment:

   /**
    * Template Name: My Custom Landing Page
    * Template Post Type: page
    */
   

3. The template will appear in WordPress Page > Template dropdown

4. Test the template:

   • Create/edit a page and select the template
   • Verify hero, dark mode toggle, footer all appear correctly

Best practices:

• Always include get_header() and get_footer()
• Wrap main content in <main id="main" class="site-main">
• Use .ps-container for consistent max-width
• Use existing component classes (.ps-card, .ps-btn, etc.)
• Keep templates under 150 lines; extract complex parts to template-parts/

How to Add a New Plugin Integration

Scenario: Integrate a new plugin (e.g., "Research Database") via shortcode

1. In front-page.php, add a conditional shortcode block:

   <?php if ( shortcode_exists( 'research_db' ) ) { ?>
     <section class="research-db-section">
       <div class="ps-container">
         <h2><?php esc_html_e( 'Research Database', 'peptide-starter' ); ?></h2>
         <?php echo do_shortcode( '[research_db limit="10"]' ); ?>
       </div>
     </section>
   <?php } ?>
   

2. In functions.php, optionally add inline overrides if plugin CSS needs adjustment:

   function peptide_starter_plugin_overrides() {
     wp_add_inline_style( 'peptide-starter-style', '
       /* Override plugin styles here */
       .rdb-card { /* example */ }
     ' );
   }
   add_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'peptide_starter_plugin_overrides', 99 );
   

3. Document the integration in CLAUDE.md:

   • Plugin namespace (e.g., .rdb-*)
   • Shortcode name and parameters
   • Expected styling classes

4. If plugin needs dark mode coordination:

   • Ask plugin author to listen to themechange event (see ARCHITECTURE.md)
   • Or have plugin read html[data-theme] attribute
   • Provide plugin with CSS custom properties: getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--text-primary')

5. Test:

   • Activate plugin and visit front page
   • Verify shortcode renders
   • Toggle dark mode; verify plugin responds
   • Deactivate plugin; verify page still renders (fallback gracefully)

Important: Always wrap shortcodes in shortcode_exists() checks so theme doesn't break if plugin is missing.

How to Add a New CSS Component

Scenario: Create a new "pill" button style (small, rounded, inline)

1. In style.css, find the Components section (around line 500)

2. Add new component class:

   /* Pill buttons */
   .ps-btn-pill {
     display: inline-block;
     padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-sm);
     border-radius: 9999px;
     font-size: 12px;
     font-weight: 600;
     text-transform: uppercase;
     letter-spacing: 0.5px;
   }
   
   .ps-btn-pill.ps-btn-primary {
     background-color: var(--color-primary);
     color: white;
   }
   
   .ps-btn-pill.ps-btn-secondary {
     background-color: transparent;
     border: 1px solid var(--color-primary);
     color: var(--color-primary);
   }
   

3. Add dark mode support (in Dark Mode section, around line 1200):

   html[data-theme="dark"] .ps-btn-pill.ps-btn-secondary {
     border-color: var(--color-primary-dark);
     color: var(--color-primary-dark);
   }
   

4. Add responsive sizes if needed (in Responsive section, around line 1400):

   @media (max-width: 767px) {
     .ps-btn-pill {
       padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-xs);
     }
   }
   

5. Usage in templates:

   <span class="ps-btn ps-btn-pill ps-btn-primary">Beta</span>
   

6. Test:

   • Light mode: verify colors, sizing, alignment
   • Dark mode: toggle and verify contrast
   • Mobile (480px): verify responsive adjustments
   • Keyboard: focus state should be visible

Best practices:

• Use CSS variables (var(--spacing-*), var(--color-*)) not hardcoded values
• Avoid !important unless absolutely necessary
• Include dark mode support immediately (no .ps-* is light-only)
• Group related rules with comments
• Keep component definitions self-contained (<100 lines)

How to Add a New Customizer Setting

Scenario: Add a new "Primary Accent Color" customizer option

1. In functions.php (around line 143), add a new section:

   $wp_customize->add_section( 'peptide_starter_colors', array(
     'title'    => esc_html__( 'Colors', 'peptide-starter' ),
     'priority' => 45,
   ) );
   

2. Add a setting:

   $wp_customize->add_setting( 'primary_accent_color', array(
     'default'           => '#0066CC',
     'transport'         => 'postMessage',
     'sanitize_callback' => 'sanitize_hex_color',
   ) );
   

3. Add a control:

   $wp_customize->add_control( new WP_Customize_Color_Control(
     $wp_customize,
     'primary_accent_color',
     array(
       'label'    => esc_html__( 'Primary Accent Color', 'peptide-starter' ),
       'section'  => 'peptide_starter_colors',
       'settings' => 'primary_accent_color',
     )
   ) );
   

4. Create a getter function:

   function peptide_starter_get_primary_accent_color() {
     return get_theme_mod( 'primary_accent_color', '#0066CC' );
   }
   

5. Output in front-end (e.g., in footer.php):

   <style>
     :root {
       --color-accent: <?php echo esc_attr( peptide_starter_get_primary_accent_color() ); ?>;
     }
   </style>
   

   Or better, use inline style in wp_head:

   function peptide_starter_custom_colors() {
     $accent = peptide_starter_get_primary_accent_color();
     ?>
     <style>
       :root {
         --color-accent: <?php echo esc_attr( $accent ); ?>;
       }
     </style>
     <?php
   }
   add_action( 'wp_head', 'peptide_starter_custom_colors' );
   

6. Reference in CSS:

   .ps-btn-accent {
     background-color: var(--color-accent);
   }
   

7. Test:

   • Appearance → Customize → Colors → Primary Accent Color
   • Change color and verify live preview
   • Save and reload page

Transport options:

• 'transport' => 'postMessage' — Instant preview (needs JS listener)
• 'transport' => 'refresh' — Full page refresh

For color/text changes, use postMessage with a JS listener in theme.js:

wp_customize.bind( 'setting:primary_accent_color', function( setting ) {
  setting.bind( function( newval ) {
    document.documentElement.style.setProperty('--color-accent', newval);
  });
});

Error Handling Patterns

Theme Doesn't Break If Plugin Missing

Pattern: Graceful Degradation

// Good — shortcode_exists check
if ( shortcode_exists( 'peptide_search' ) ) {
  echo do_shortcode( '[peptide_search]' );
} else {
  get_search_form();  // Fallback to WordPress default
}

// Bad — assumes plugin exists
echo do_shortcode( '[peptide_search]' );  // Renders [peptide_search] as text if missing

Menu Fallback

In header.php:

wp_nav_menu( array(
  'theme_location' => 'primary',
  'fallback_cb'    => 'peptide_starter_primary_menu_fallback',  // Function defined in header
  'walker'         => new Peptide_Starter_Nav_Walker(),
) );

function peptide_starter_primary_menu_fallback() {
  // Renders Home, About, Peptides links if no menu assigned
}

Widget Area Check

In footer.php:

if ( is_active_sidebar( 'footer-1' ) ) {
  dynamic_sidebar( 'footer-1' );
} else {
  // Render default content
  echo '<h3>' . esc_html__( 'About', 'peptide-starter' ) . '</h3>';
}

Class Existence Check

For WooCommerce:

if ( class_exists( 'WooCommerce' ) ) {
  // Render cart icon
}

For post types:

if ( post_type_exists( 'peptide' ) ) {
  echo '<a href="' . get_post_type_archive_link( 'peptide' ) . '">' . __( 'Peptides' ) . '</a>';
}

Input Validation

All user-facing output must be escaped:

// Good
echo esc_html( get_the_title() );
echo esc_url( home_url( '/' ) );
echo esc_attr( $html_attribute_value );

// Bad
echo get_the_title();
echo home_url( '/' );

Dark Mode Implementation Guide

How Dark Mode Works in Peptide Starter

1. Inline script in wp_head (functions.php, line 406-422)

   • Runs immediately before CSS loads
   • Prevents white flash by setting html[data-theme] early
   • Checks in order: localStorage → system pref → customizer default

2. CSS selectors (style.css, line ~1200 "Dark Mode")

   • Light mode: default colors in :root
   • Dark mode: html[data-theme="dark"] selector overrides

3. JavaScript listener (theme.js, line 47-63)

   • Responds to dark mode toggle button
   • Updates localStorage
   • Dispatches themechange event to plugins
   • Updates sun/moon icon visibility

Adding Dark Mode to a New Component

Example: New Alert Style

1. Define light mode in CSS:

   .ps-alert-custom {
     padding: var(--spacing-md);
     background-color: #E3F2FD;  /* Light blue */
     color: #0D47A1;              /* Dark blue text */
     border: 1px solid #90CAF9;
   }
   

2. Add dark mode override:

   html[data-theme="dark"] .ps-alert-custom {
     background-color: #1A237E;  /* Dark blue bg */
     color: #E3F2FD;              /* Light text */
     border-color: #3F51B5;       /* Darker border */
   }
   

3. Test:

   • Load page in light mode → verify colors
   • Toggle dark mode → verify override colors are applied
   • Open DevTools → verify html[data-theme="dark"] attribute set
   • Check localStorage peptide-starter-theme is updated

Helping Plugins Support Dark Mode

If a plugin doesn't listen to dark mode changes:

1. Ask plugin author to listen to the themechange event:

   document.addEventListener('themechange', (e) => {
     const theme = e.detail.theme;
     // Update plugin styles based on theme
   });
   

2. Or use a MutationObserver to watch for data-theme changes:

   const observer = new MutationObserver(() => {
     const theme = document.documentElement.getAttribute('data-theme');
     // Update styles
   });
   observer.observe(document.documentElement, { attributes: true });
   

3. Or read CSS variables in the plugin stylesheet:

   .plugin-card {
     color: var(--text-primary);
     background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
   }
   

CSS Variables for Dark Mode

All available variables (defined in :root):

--text-primary          /* Main text (light: #111827, dark: #F9FAFB) */
--text-secondary        /* Secondary text (light: #6B7280, dark: #D1D5DB) */
--bg-primary            /* Main background (light: #FFFFFF, dark: #111827) */
--bg-secondary          /* Secondary bg (light: #F3F4F6, dark: #1F2937) */
--color-primary         /* Primary accent (light: #0066CC, dark: #3B82F6) */
--border-color          /* Border color (light: #E5E7EB, dark: #374151) */

Testing Checklist

When modifying the theme, verify:

• Light mode — All text readable, colors correct
• Dark mode — Toggle to dark, verify colors swap, no white flash on reload
• Mobile (480px) — Navigation collapses, search/dark mode icons present
• Tablet (768px) — Layout adapts, footer 2-column if needed
• Desktop (1024px+) — Full layout renders correctly
• Plugins active — Shortcodes render, no JS errors in console
• Plugins inactive — Graceful fallbacks work (search form, no broken layout)
• Accessibility — Tab through page, all interactive elements reachable
• Focus states — Every button/link has visible focus outline
• Keyboard navigation — Escape closes overlays, arrow keys in menu if relevant

Common Tasks & Commands

Check JavaScript syntax:

node --check assets/js/theme.js
node --check assets/js/navigation.js

View theme version:

echo PEPTIDE_STARTER_VERSION;  // Currently: 1.3.1

Update theme version (when releasing):

1. Edit style.css line 7: Version: X.Y.Z
2. Edit functions.php line 14: define( 'PEPTIDE_STARTER_VERSION', 'X.Y.Z' )

Deploy to production:

• Push to main branch on GitHub
• GitHub Actions runs rsync to Hostinger via SSH
• LiteSpeed cache clears automatically

Debug active plugins:

// In functions.php or template
$active = get_option( 'active_plugins' );
error_log( print_r( $active, true ) );

View Customizer settings:

echo get_theme_mod( 'hero_title' );
echo get_theme_mod( 'dark_mode_default', false );

Trust model for request headers (v1.5.2)

Never trust HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR, HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP, or any other client-controlled header without first validating the peer. Always read the client IP via peptide_starter_get_client_ip() — it handles the Cloudflare-peer check, the XFF opt-in, and the REMOTE_ADDR fallback.

If a new feature needs to trust a different proxy header (e.g. a new CDN in front of CF):

1. Add the upstream proxy's IP ranges to a new file under inc/.
2. Extend peptide_starter_get_client_ip() with a new validated branch guarded by a filter defaulted to off.
3. Never accept a header whose source can't be validated at the TCP layer.

Refresh the Cloudflare range snapshot in inc/cloudflare-ips.php quarterly. Out-of-band bumps go through the peptide_starter_cloudflare_ip_ranges filter.

Security Patterns (v1.5.1)

Rate-limit a handler

Every new public POST handler must be rate-limited.

// After nonce + honeypot checks.
$identifier = peptide_starter_hash_identifier( strtolower( $email ) ); // or 'ip' for IP-only bucket
if ( ! Peptide_Starter_Rate_Limiter::check( 'login', $identifier ) ) {
    // Respond with the SAME message the real-validation-failure path uses.
    wp_send_json_error( array( 'message' => peptide_starter_login_failure_message() ) );
}
Peptide_Starter_Rate_Limiter::record( 'login', $identifier ); // on failure
// ...successful operation...
Peptide_Starter_Rate_Limiter::reset( 'login', $identifier ); // on success

Pick a short action slug. Register its limit in inc/config.php under rate_limits. Never hardcode numbers in the handler.

Honeypot a form

1. Render the trap in the form template part:

<?php peptide_starter_render_honeypot( 'myform' ); ?>

2. In the handler, right after nonce verification:

if ( peptide_starter_honeypot_triggered( 'ps_hp_myform' ) ) {
    // Fake-success response — do NOT return an error. Bots learn from errors.
    wp_send_json_success( array( 'message' => __( 'OK', 'peptide-starter' ) ) );
}

Gate a template

At the very top of the template, after the ABSPATH guard, before get_header():

peptide_starter_require_login();

This redirects unauthenticated users to /auth?redirect_to=current-uri and unverified users to /profile?verify_required=1. Do not reinvent this per-template.

CSV-safe export

Route every cell through the helper before fputcsv:

fputcsv( $output, array(
    peptide_starter_csv_safe( $email ),
    peptide_starter_csv_safe( $date ),
) );

Error unification

Login + registration failures must emit the same message regardless of which validation check failed. Use:

• peptide_starter_login_failure_message() — "Invalid email or password."
• peptide_starter_register_failure_message() — "Unable to create account..."

Branching on failure reason is an enumeration oracle. Don't do it.

Adding a new security threshold

Add a key to the defaults array in inc/config.php and always read it via peptide_starter_config_get() or the shortcut helpers. No magic numbers in handler files.

Related Documentation

• ARCHITECTURE.md — System design, data flows, integrations
• CLAUDE.md — Developer context and quick reference
• README.md — User-facing feature documentation
• CHANGELOG.md — Version history